环境说明:Rhel6.5 64位 Nginx1.45 Php5.59 MySQL5.6.16
这篇文章大部分是来源于前人的,自己试验安装最新的版本。修正了一些问题
一、准备工作
配置防火墙,允许防火墙通过22(sshd)、80(WEB)、3306(MYSQL)端口
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save #保存配置
关闭selinux:
vi /etc/selinux/config#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉SELINUX=disabled #增加:wq 保存,退出
检查rpm有没有安装
rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -e mysql // 普通删除模式
rpm -e --nodeps mysql // 强力删除模式,如果使用上面命令删除时,提示有依赖的其它文件,则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除
如果想yum安装mysql可以用以下命令
yum list | grep mysql//查看yum上面提供的mysql yum install -y mysql-server rpm -qi mysql-server//查看安装好的版本
建议直接手动修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables
在-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
下面增加两条既可
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
reboot #重启系统
二、系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置:/opt
源码包编译安装位置:/usr/local/软件名字
三、下载软件工具包:
1、下载nginx(目前稳定版)
http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.5.tar.gz2、下载pcre (支持nginx伪静态)http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.34/pcre-8.34.tar.gz4、下载MySQL5.6.16http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz5、下载php-5.5.9(目前最新版)http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.5.9.tar.gz6、下载cmake(MySQL编译工具)http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz7、下载libmcrypt(PHPlibmcrypt模块)http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz下载完成后,传送到opt目录下,当然也可以直接在opt目录下使用wget下载;
四、yum安装编译工具及库文件:
yum install make apr* autoconf automake bzip2 bzip2-devel curl curl-devel gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel zlib* zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gd gd-devel kernel keyutils patch perl kernel-headers compat* mpfr cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel ppl cloog-ppl keyutils-libs-devel libcom_err-devel libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel zlib-devel libXpm* freetype freetype-devel libpng* libpng10 libpng10-devel libpng-devel php-common php-gd ncurses* ncurses-devel libtool* libtool-libs libxml2-devel patch glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel krb5 krb5-devel libevent libevent-devel libidn libidn-devel nss_ldap openldap openldap-clients openldap-devel openldap-servers openssl openssl-devel pspell-devel net-snmp* net-snmp-devel -y
等所有安装包下载安装完以后就可以开始安装啦
源码编译:
wget http://superb-dca2.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz wget http://superb-dca2.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz wget http://superb-sea2.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
tar xzf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr make && make install
tar xzf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd /mhash-0.9./configure --prefix=/usrmake && make install.9.9
tar xzf mcrypt-2.6.4.tar.gz/sbin/ldconfig cd ../mcrypt-2.6.4./configure make && make install wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
五、安装cmake及MySQL:
安装cmake
cd /opt && tar zxvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gzcd cmake-2.8.12.2./configure && make && make install
安装MySQL
groupadd mysql #添加mysql组useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组,不允许mysql用户直接登录系统mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建MySQL数据库存放目chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #设置MySQL数据库目录权限mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #创建MySQL安装目录
cd /opttar zxvf mysql-5.6.16.tar.gzcd mysql-5.6.16
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_READLINE=1 \-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share
详细编译参数参考:make && make install
待安装完以后开始配置MySQL:
mkdir /tmp #用作缓存
chown -R mysql:mysql /tmp/ #必须为目录授权,否则无法写入cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件(注意:如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf,直接覆盖即可)
vi /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加下面一行
datadir = /data/mysql #添加MySQL数据库路径
:wq! #保存退出
cd /usr/local/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/ #生成mysql系统数据库cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #把Mysql加入系统启动chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql #增加执行权限chkconfig mysql on #加入开机启动vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #编辑basedir = /usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安装路径datadir = /data/mysql #MySQl数据库存放目录service mysql start #启动vi /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量:在最后添加下面这一行export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:wq! #保存退出
下面这行把myslq的库文件链接到系统默认的位置,这样你在编译类似PHP等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
reboot #需要重启系统,等待系统重新启动之后继续在终端命令行下面操作
mysql_secure_installation #设置Mysql密码
根据提示按Y 回车
然后输入2次密码
继续按Y 回车,直到设置完成
或者直接修改密码/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #修改密码
service mysql restart #重启
到此,mysql安装完成!
用命令status查看下版本信息如下
六、安装pcre及Nginx:
安装pcre:
cd /opt
mkdir /usr/local/pcre #创建安装目录
tar zxvf pcre-8.34.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.34
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre #配置
make && make install
安装nginx:
cd /opt
groupadd nginx#添加www组
useradd -g nignx nginx -s /bin/false #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组,不允许www用户直接登录系统
tar zxvf nginx-1.4.5.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=nginx--group=nginx--with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/opt/pcre-8.34
注意:--with-pcre=/opt/pcre-8.31指向的是源码包解压的路径,而不是安装的路径,否则会报错
make && make install
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx
设置nginx开启启动
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #编辑启动文件添加下面内容
#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server# it is v.0.0.2 version.# chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pidRETVAL=0prog="nginx"# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up.[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# Start nginx daemons functions.start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];thenecho "nginx already running...."exit 1fiecho -n $"Starting $prog: "daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}RETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginxreturn $RETVAL}# Stop nginx daemons functions.stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "killproc $nginxdRETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid}reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`killproc $nginxd -HUPRETVAL=$?echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" instart)start;;stop)stop;;reload)reload;;restart)stopstart;;status)status $progRETVAL=$?;;*)echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"exit 1esacexit $RETVAL
:wq! #保存退出
chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限
chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启
service nginx restart
七、安装libmcrypt及PHP:
安装libmcrypt:
cd /opt
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gzcd libmcrypt-2.5.8./configure && make && make install
安装PHP:
cd /opt
tar zxvf php-5.5.9.tar.gz
cd php-5.5.9
mkdir -p /usr/local/php5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl
make && make install
配置php:
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录rm -rf /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带配置文件ln -s /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加软链接cp /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #编辑user = nginx #设置php-fpm运行账号为nginxgroup = nginx#设置php-fpm运行组为nginxpid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号设置 php-fpm开机启动
cp /opt/php-5.5.9/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷贝php-fpm到启动目录chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件修改为:
disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
#列出PHP可以禁用的函数,如果某些程序需要用到这个函数,可以删除,取消禁用。找到:;date.timezone =修改为:date.timezone = PRC #设置时区找到:expose_php = On修改为:expose_php = OFF #禁止显示php版本的信息找到:short_open_tag = Off修改为:short_open_tag = ON #支持php短标签
配置nginx支持php
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑配置文件,需做如下修改
user nginx nginx; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www;必须与/usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同,否则php运行出错
index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000#location ~ \.php$ {root html;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}
#取消FastCGI server部分location的注释,并要注意fastcgi_param行的参数,改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用绝对路径
/etc/init.d/nginx restart #重启nginx
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ #进入nginx默认网站根目录
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* #删除默认测试页
vi index.php #编辑
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
:wq! #保存退出
chown www.www /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #设置目录所有者
chmod 700 /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #设置目录权限
shutdown -r now #重启系统
在浏览器中打开服务器IP地址,会看到下面的界面,配置成功
服务器相关操作命令
service nginx restart #重启nginx
service mysql restart #重启mysql
/usr/local/php5/sbin/php-fpm #启动php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm restart #重启php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm stop #停止php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start #启动php-fpm
#############################################################################
备注:
nginx默认站点目录是:/usr/local/nginx/html/
权限设置:chown nginx:nginx /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R
MySQL数据库目录是:/data/mysql
权限设置:chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql